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Mechanisms of iron regulation

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Human iron homeostasis is regulated at two different levels. Systemic iron levels are balanced by the controlled absorption of dietary iron by enterocytes, the cells that line the interior of the intestines, and the uncontrolled loss of iron from epithelial sloughing, sweat, injuries and blood loss. In addition, systemic iron is continuously recycled. Cellular iron levels are controlled differently by different cell types due to the expression of particular iron regulatory and transport proteins. Systemic iron regulation edit Dietary iron uptake edit The absorption of dietary iron is a variable and dynamic process. The amount of iron absorbed compared to the amount ingested is typically low, but may range from 5% to as much as 35% depending on circumstances and type of iron. The efficiency with which iron is absorbed varies depending on the source. Generally, the best-absorbed forms of iron come from animal products. Absorption of dietary iron in iron salt form (as in most supplements)
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20)Republic Day Parade 2019: Indias rich cultural diversity in display at Rajpath; ten features

India Republic Day -- With Indias 70th Republic Morning Saturday the annual ornement in the national capital exhibited the countrys rich societal heritage and traditions. Typically the central theme of the tableaux displayed was Mahatma Gandhi as 2019 marks the entire year of his 150th beginning anniversary. The might from the Indian military was upon full display and in particular womens power. Before the ornement celebrations kicked off with Prime Minister Narendra Modi paying homage to the martyrs by laying a flowered wreath at Amar Jawan Jyoti. At Rajpath the best Minister received President Good old ram Nath Kovind and Southern Africas President Cyril Ramaphosa who was the Chief Guest at Indias Republic Day 2019 event. President Kovind hoisted the tricolour as the countrywide anthem played and a 21-gun salute was fired by means of seven cannons of 2281 Field Regiment. Republic Morning Parade 2019 * Assam Rifles tableau: Participating in the Republic Day parade initially in hi
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Importance of iron regulation

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Iron is an essential bioelement for most forms of life, from bacteria to mammals. Its importance lies in its ability to mediate electron transfer. In the ferrous state, iron acts as an electron donor, while in the ferric state it acts as an acceptor. Thus, iron plays a vital role in the catalysis of enzymatic reactions that involve electron transfer (reduction and oxidation, redox). Proteins can contain iron as part of different cofactors, such as iron-sulfur clusters (Fe-S) and heme groups, both of which are assembled in mitochondria. Cellular respiration edit Human cells require iron in order to obtain energy as ATP from a multi-step process known as cellular respiration, more specifically from oxidative phosphorylation at the mitochondrial cristae. Iron is present in the iron-sulfur clusters and heme groups of the electron transport chain proteins that generate a proton gradient that allows ATP synthase to synthesize ATP (chemiosmosis). Heme groups are part of hemoglobin, a protein
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